Government Versus Corporations

                Corporations

Corporations are headed by boards of directors selected for one major purpose: They know how to make a profit, and nothing -- that is, “nothing” -- is more important. Corporations operate under the economic system called capitalism under which the United States generally operates in a significantly modified form.

Corporations hand pick a president, chief executive officer, vice presidents for every little thing, department heads, managers, supervisors, foremen, group leaders and anyone else they need to insure that the organization makes a profit and continues to keep the profit growing higher every quarter.

They hire workers to do their bidding, and they operate on one common philosophy: It’s my way or the highway! Unlike government, corporations have only “the market” and, to some extent, the stockholders, to keep them on the straight and narrow.

Corporations obtain huge sums of money from citizens (through sales, including government contracts) to operate their enterprise, but it’s called “profits,” not “taxes.” Some of that money is used for production (in corporations that actually produce something) but much of it goes for the large salaries required to keep the money coming in – and for often huge profits pocketed generally by its major stockholders (including the corporation’s leadership) and wealthy investors.

The legal obligation of the corporation is not to serve citizens (or even customers), rather its obligation is to do everything in its power to return a profit – the quicker and the larger the better – to its stockholders.

                                  Government


Government is run by those who are elected by its citizens to represent their interests. The president, the Senate and the House of Representatives all work in concert with the judiciary to provide for the needs of citizens.

In the United States that means that government operates under the restraints of the U.S. Constitution and its preamble…“ in order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense,[1] promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity…”

Unlike corporations, government is run not for profit, but for the single purpose of serving its citizens.


Through its elected officials, government raises money through a wide variety of taxes. The money goes only for those expenses approved by the duly elected representatives of the people. Most generally these include such big ticket items as education, highways and the military as well as programs designed to insure the health and welfare of the American people such as Social Security and Medicare.

                                    Commentary


The common call of anti-government critics is for government to be run like a corporation. Aside from being impossible (the purpose of government is diametrically opposed to that of business,) it would be a travesty for any government to ignore the fundamental needs of its citizens.

Government critics always zero in on the issues of high taxes, inefficiency, overspending and so-called “giveaway” programs, such as welfare and social security. Because these same critics are rarely heard criticizing tax favoritism for corporations or the outrageous spending for unwarranted international adventurism it leads one to believe the critics are being circumspect. It appears to be their true objection that the tax money is going to the underprivileged and elderly, not simply that “taxes” are too high.

The bottom line is that business is business, government is government.

Business is not government. Government is not business.

If you sincerely criticize taxes as being too high, then criticize profits and executive salaries as being too high. If you criticize government officials are untrustworthy and corrupt, then criticize corporation titans as untrustworthy and corrupt.

If business is business, then fair is fair.

The Fighting Hogans

Only 17 days after President Franklin D. Roosevelt told America there had been a “sneak attack” on Hawaii’s Hickam Field by the Japanese Empire, William Francis Hogan, my uncle, (image right) became one of America’s fighting men. His first full day in the U.S. Navy was on Christmas Day 1941.

Uncle Bill made the ultimate sacrifice for his country in the early morning hours of Sept. 5, 1942 when his APD-4 ship, the USS Gregory (DD82), and its sister ship, the USS Little (DD79), came under fire in a surprise attack from superior Japanese forces near Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands.

The versatile, high speed transport ships patrolled the waters around the hotly contested islands performing “routine” duties such as moving men, ammunition and supplies wherever they were needed.

Encounters with the enemy were common and the sounds of gunfire in the distance were routinely heard. The area later gained notoriety as "Iron Bottom Sound" because of the many tons of both allied and enemy shipping sunk there.

A day earlier, on Sept. 4, Uncle Bill’s ship had delivered a marine raider battalion onto Savo Island.

The Gregory, along with the Little, plied the inky black waters of the channel between Guadalcanal and Savo Island on their way back to anchorage at Tulagi amid a low haze. Because conditions obscured all the landmarks in the area, it was decided to stay on patrol rather than risk steaming blind through the channel.

As the ships slipped through the waters in darkness at 10 knots, three Japanese destroyers, the Yudachi, Hatsuyuki and the Murakumo, moved unnoticed on their mission to bombard shore positions.

Shortly before 1 a.m., the sound of gunfire echoed through the night and those on duty saw gun flashes in the distance. The sound and sight of gunfire was not an uncommon aboard the Gregory. Some crew members thought was merely some far off action or a Japanese submarine.

But at 12:46 a.m. everyone aboard was alerted or awakened by the sound of General Quarters. Each man took to his battle station.

The Americans were considering whether to depart the area quietly, undetected, or to close for action. But the decision was quickly taken out their hands when a Navy pilot, who also had observed the gunfire, dropped five flares nearly on top of the Gregory and the Little.

Silhouetted against the blackness of the night, the ships were seen clearly by the Japanese destroyers. Radar quickly revealed there were four targets, including three destroyers, which apparently had been joined by a cruiser. Japanese searchlights were soon scanning the Gregory. Almost immediately, shells began raining down on the American transports. The battle was joined.

The APD’s were built as destroyers, but traded some of their firepower for speed and to make room for cargo and carrying troops. They were obviously outnumbered and outgunned.

Crew members of the Gregory saw a large explosion on their sister ship, and now the Japanese guns were trained on them. Under the glare of the searchlights, the Gregory took hits almost immediately. But one of the searchlights was darkened by the Gregory’s return fire.

According to the reports of survivors, two boilers had burst on the Gregory and the bridge took a direct hit. The pilot house exploded. The galley deck house was ablaze and the ship was listing and sinking.

Surprised, outgunned and overmatched, the Gregory was all but dead in the water less than three minutes after the flares revealed their position

The order to abandon ship was given by the Gregory’s skipper, Lt. Commander Harry F. Bauer, himself badly wounded. The crew was scrambling to get the lifeboats in the water. Meanwhile Bauer ordered two men to go to the aid of a crewman who was shouting for help. Commander Bauer was never seen again. He was posthumously awarded the Silver Star.

By this time, most of the ship’s crew was in the water, but shrapnel was flying everywhere. Some men abandoned their lifeboats and took to the water. For a while, the Japanese shelling stopped and some men considered going back to the ship, but the bombardment soon resumed. This time their target appeared to be the men in the water, not the ship.
Some 40 minutes after the battle began, the Gregory sank, stern first. Two hours later, Little followed the Gregory down.

All but 11 of Gregory’s crew survived, six of them swimming all the way to Guadalcanal. It took them all night long.

My uncle Bill was among six men reported dead on the ship before it went under. One of the surviving crewmen reported seeing his body as he prepared to abandon ship. Records indicate he was just 25 years old.

Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz spoke of the gallantry of the men of the Gregory and the Little.

"Both of these small vessels fought as well as possible against the overwhelming odds,” Nimitz said. “With little means, they performed duties vital to the success of the campaign."

The Gregory received two battle stars for its service in World War II.

Some 50 years after Gregory was lost, in July, 1992, a sunken U.S. Navy high-speed transport was discovered on the sea floor off Lunga Point. While its identity remains uncertain, it’s believed the ship is either the Gregory or the Little. The Gregory was named after Admiral Francis Hoyt Gregory, a native of Norwalk, Conn., who was born on Oct. 9, 1780.

About Uncle Bill and the Hogan Family

My Uncle Bill was the son of an Irish immigrant, Michael J. Hogan, who came to American from Dungarvan, County Waterford, in 1906. Better known as Shamus O'Brien, Michael became a widely known prize fighter out of Yonkers, N.Y., and a lightweight champion in Ireland.

Shamus was married to Adelaide Searles Hogan . In addition to William Francis Hogan, after whom I was named, the couple had seven other children, two of whom, Adelaide and Gilbert, died as infants in the influenza outbreaks of the early 1900s.

All four of Shamus’ sons served in the military. In addition to Uncle Bill, John and Michael (known as “Mitch,”) were Navy men. Although family members have little information about their military exploits, it is known that John's service included time in Africa and Mitch served aboard the USS Charles R. Ware. Edward Hogan’s service was with the Army Air Corps, where, if memory serves me right, he won his wings.

Shamus and Adelaide's daughters, Elena (Helen) Hogan Torpey, my mother, had worked as a riveter for Eastern Aircraft Co. in Tarrytown, N.Y., during the war. Mary (Mae) Hogan Dropauer, whose husband, Richard, had been wounded in the invasion of Iwo Jima, also was a working mother.

Helen, my mother, given an opportunity, proudly asserted that she was “Rosie the Riveter,” a fictional patriotic character that originated with one of my mother’s co-workers at Eastern Aircraft. Rosie was created in 1942 to promote the value of women in the workforce and she later gained great fame from Norman Rockwell’s image in the May 29, 1943 issue of the Saturday Evening Post.

Surely, with four sons serving gallantly in World War II, and one making the ultimate sacrifice, the Hogan family could fairly be called “the real Hogan heroes.”

According to Eddie Cantwell, who wrote of Shamus O’Brien on the Waterford County Museum site in Dungarvan, Ireland, “Today his name (William F. Hogan) can be found engraved on three monuments, one in Getty square, Yonkers, the second at Fort McKinley in the Philippines, and a third, which has been erected recently at a location on the coast of the Solomon Islands.”

I was only six years old when Pearl Harbor was attacked, but I remember the day clearly. Uncle John came to our house to tell of the bombing of Hickam Field. Without hesitation, I went to my bedroom where I strapped on my cap guns and declared I was ready to fight.

My memories of Uncle Bill are a little hazy, but I clearly remember the day he took me for a walk down Ludlow Street in Yonkers – the street where I lived when I was born. We strolled all the way down the street almost to the Hudson River, where there was a helicopter parked behind a chain link fence that he knew I would love to see. The small 'copter apparently was being stored there. I was thrilled.

I knew Uncle Bill had a girlfriend, “Bunny,” because I lived with Shamus’ estranged wife, Adelaide (my “Nana,”) who often spoke of her. I also remember greeting Bunny on one occasion, making a foolish remark that had taken her somewhat aback. Recently, one of my cousins told me that Uncle Bill had married Bunny, but I never was aware that he had been married.

I will never forget the sad day when Uncle John came our house on Warburton Avenue in Yonkers to inform Adelaide that Uncle Bill’s ship had been reported lost. the New York Daily News. He brought with him the New York Daily News that featured a picture of the ship.

I was living with Nana at the time. As I lay in my bed that night, I got little sleep as a Gold Star mother mourned her young hero.

For several weeks before that black day, Uncle Bill’s letters to Nana were read aloud in our home. In his letters, Uncle Bill spoke proudly of participating in Naval gun battles against the enemy. I remember he specifically boasted of killing at least two of the enemy in firefights.

I still possess Uncle Bill’s Purple Heart among my souvenirs. Although the ribbon is moth eaten, and I know the military will replace it at no cost if requested, I’ll continue to treasure it as is.

Somewhere near the time of Uncle Bill’s death, Shamus came calling on his estranged wife, possibly to console her . But Adelaide refused to acknowledge his repeated knocks on her door.

Nana took her son's death very hard, of course. A Gold Star hung in her window throughout the war. Uncle Bill’s picture, in his Navy uniform, stood on an end table in her living room for the rest of her life. She steadfastly refused to even look at anything marked “Made in Japan.”

I had lived with Nana for at least eight years, and throughout that time I never recall any discussion of her tragedy. Her grief was so great that she never talked of it, and she never attended a single funeral.

Following are the reports of 10 survivors of the Gregory obtained by my cousin Tabitha, granddaughter of my Uncle Mitch, through federal Freedom of Information sources and the Military Personnel Office in St. Louis. Other facts and declassified information she obtained came from Ted Rankin, who had served with Uncle Bill. Additional information came from Curtis Clark of San Diego and the National Organization for Veterans reunion.

Battle Report of Surprise Night Action”

Report of Ensign Alvin L. Gallin, Feb. 8, 1952

(1) At 0056 on the morning of Sept. 5, 1942 I was awakened by the sound of gunfire. I began dressing, and when the general alarm sounded at 0058, reported to my battle station on the after deck house. Firing could still be heard, but I could see no flashes. Almost immediately thereafter a flare burst about 1,000 yards off the port bow. Events then followed in rapid succession. A searchlight about 2000 yards off the starboard quarter illuminated the U.S.S. Little, then on our starboard bow, turning right. Three salvos were fired; the Little burst into flames. I ordered Gun #3, the after 4” 50 cal. gun to train on the light and commence firing. Gun #3 had a misfire, and did not go off. The Gregory turned left at the time, and put the enemy astern of us. Then a ship behind that which was firing at the U.S.S. Little commenced firing at us. I ordered Gun #3 trained on it, and then told the Gun Captain to fire percussion. Gun #3 commenced firing. The enemy then illuminated us with a searchlight which swept forward.The second round from Gun #3 carried away the searchlight tower. They dropped one salvo just short of the fantail and ceased firing. The ship which had been firing at the Little illuminated us, and another just forward of the port quarter began firing at us. Apparently #3 had fired about five rounds. I noticed that the ship was dead in the water. I turned around and looking forward: the bridge and galley deckhouse were ablaze. This was my first realization that the ship had been hit. I ordered the after life rafts cut away and started forward to see what had happened. Just forward of the after deck house the ammunition and repair parties were standing fast. I gave the order to set all depth charges on safe, and continued forward. Amidships, the boats were being lowered to the rail. I gave the order to stand by the boats. Men were coming out of the engine rooms; the fire room air lock was open, but no one was coming out. Going further forward, I saw that the port after side of the well deck was ablaze,and one man was fighting a gasoline fire on the auxiliary radio generator with a CO2 extinguisher. There were two men lying dead near the radio shack. The enemy was not firing at the time. I went up to the bridge, and discovered that it was abandoned. The port wing of the bridge was a flaming shambles, slippery with blood. The Executive Officer and the control talker were on the deck, dead. I could not reach the pilot house. I started aft, passing the word to abandon ship. I sent half the after ammunition party forward to look for wounded, and order the rest into the boats. Gun #3 was still firing, but I ordered the crew to abandon ship. I started forward again, and met Mr. Heine at #1 skids. We thought we were the only officers left and decided to rendezvous the boats off the port beam. I went to the bridge again. Two men were carrying Mr. Decker from the bridge and one told me there were none left alive. Returning amidships I found that two boats were gone, and one was at the rail, filled with about 40 men. The ship had had only three boats. Mr. Heine and I got into the boat. Then Mr. Heine returned aboard to lower the boat. Hiter, a yeoman, came aft and said there were still some wounded aboard. Mr. Heine told me to lie alongside, and went forward. I ordered the boat engine started, but apparently flying shrapnel had disabled it. Shelling then commenced again; much shrapnel was flying about. I ordered the men to abandon the boat and swim as far from the ship as possible. Francis, the cook, and Mr. Decker appeared to be dead. I jumped in the water with the coxswain, and began swimming. The enemy was on the port bow and quarter, illuminating and firing. The water around me was covered with six splash salvos; shrapnel was flying through the air. It seemed to me that the enemy was firing up a ladder which continued well beyond the ship. I could see three ships ablaze, leading me to believe that one of the enemy was burning; I did not see any of the enemy ships. I estimate the total elapsed time from General Quarters to have been about 20 minutes. I gathered a group of men about me and continued away from the ship. We were about 1,000 yards from the ship when the firing ceased. Woods, BMlc, USCG and I started back to the ship for a raft. We had gone about 50 yards when a row of five flares was laid down the port side of the ship. Believing the enemy was circling, we turned back but could not find the original group. We were in the water until about 0800 the next morning, when a landing boat recovered us. We had gathered a group of six men during the night, and had alternately tried swimming south toward Guadalcanal and huddling together to keep warm. The moon and current were used as indications of direction.

(2) I believe that every man did his best in the face of overwhelming odds. There was no panic at any time. The ship was abandoned in an orderly manner. The Gun Captain of #3 gun, Kristof, and his crew deserve special mention, as does Wagner, the gunner’s mate who set all charges on safe.


Charles R. Young, WT2c – Bridge

I had the watch in the fire room, heard several shells burst and heard #2 blower slow down, saw that steam line to it was ruptured. Shell came through port side forward, a couple above water line and hit #1 boiler. I pulled emergency fuel oil trips a second before both boiler fronts fell in. Left fire room – abandoned ship. Had to feel way out of fire room. Full of steam and smoke. Made sure all boiler stops were secured.

David L. Burton, QM2c

I had just taken the mid-watch and about 0055 I logged gunfire on port bow. We awoke the Captain and went to General Quarters. We were on course 130 degrees steering on the stern of the Little. A starshell burst on the port bow about 2,000 yards away. Little changed course to 280 degrees and we followed. I had the wheel as that was my General Quarters Station. The enemy ships spotted the Little with a searchlight and opened fire on their starboard quarter. We came to port with a full left rudder and the second ship spotted us opening fire and we opened with our anti-aircraft, and a few seconds later with our main battery. Someone gave the word we’re afire on the well deck, most everyone on the bridge seemed to be on the port side and the word to abandon ship was passed. We had a direct hit on the port wing of the bridge, exploding in the pilot house knocking me to the deck with several others. I got to my feet made my way to the starboard wing of the bridge and jumped. After I was in the water I seemed to be all right. I heard Mr. Wilson call and tried to get him but couldn’t make it. I saw Mr. Dyer, P.R. Smith, Kirkman and Mr. Fair.


Clarence C. Justice, BM2c - #2 Gun

I was sleeping on the well deck when someone called me for General Quarters. When I awoke I heard guns firing, but I thought it was just another sea battle, a good piece off. I dressed in a hurry as usual for general quarters and went to Gun #1 but Adamski was there and I asked someone what was going on. About that time the Little burst into flames so I ran to my gun. As soon as I got there a shell hit us on the bridge and we lost all communications. Povlich, S2c, was missing so I told Connors to take the trainers seat. He trained around to starboard and I loaded. Granberry, SC2c, was the only loader. I had Metzger and West but they were hit by schrapnel. About this time, Povlich manned his station and he tried to fire by auxiliary generator. He tried to fire by percussion, but the enemy was out of the line of fire. We had been hit at least twice. A shell hit under the gun and knocked me off the after deck. I entered the galley passageway, a shell hit #2 stack and one in the troop space. I went back to the gun but no one was there and helped them because the Captain was wounded. The Captain said it was no use to stay with the ship. He went over the side on the well deck and Ellis and I followed him. Ellis got him in tow by his kapok and we got a little way out from the ship. Things quieted down for a while and the Captain asked us to take him back to the ship, but one of the Jap ships pulled up closer and started shelling the ship again. Most of the shells were hitting right around us. Then someone yelled that he was drowning and that he couldn’t last much longer. The Captain made Ellis let him go and to go look for him. I followed to help look. We never found him so we came back and yelled for the Captain but he never answered. One of the shells or the sharks must have got him.

Robert W. Zarecor, GM5c

As I went to my station on the galley deckhouse they were firing on the beach. It stopped and one or two flares dropped near the Little, which was ahead of us. Then a searchlight picked her up and she was hit and set afire being fired upon from the starboard side. A searchlight on the port side of us picked us up and were were hit by the galley. I saw the top of the #2 stack go then the bridge. Men were going over the side from the bridge and galley deck. I started down the ladder to the well deck but it was in flames so I went down by #1 stack on the starboard side, made my way aft where there were quite a few men. I saw Duzy in the steering engine room hatch complaining that someone fired a gun and nearly took his head off. Made my way forward again and Mr. Gallin was calmly telling the men to lower the boats and abandon ship. I made the boat in #3 skids.

Joseph J. Roletti, CMM (AA)

At 2245 I relieved the watch and about 0057 General Quarters sounded. It went long after (unintelligible)…to get out of the engine room, by that time, smoke was coming down the ventilator. We got to top side and saw the ship had lost headway so we dropped two life rafts by the engine room. Lowered #3 boat which 31 men got in and started to move away from the ship as it was still being fired on and shrapnel was flying around us.

Chester M. Ellis, Cox

I manned my General Quarters station, all gun crew was there, got one range that was all from control. We broke out ammunition and loaded the gun. Granberry broke out the shell and put into the gun. The gun captain (Justice) reported ready one. There was a hit through the galley and about half the crew disappeared. I set range down lower between 2,000 and 3,000 and there was the pointer left (Pickett) and two loaders, Granberry and West. I think Povlich was still at his seat but not sure. Someone on the starboard MMs was knocked down and got up and started to fire his gun. By that time there were hits all over the bridge and deckhouse. At least 10 or 15. The ship had stopped and the gun could not bear. Someone was saying “Abandon Ship.” Everyone started toward the port life raft. There was a hit under it and they turned and went to the starboard side. Wood was on the port side. We tried to get the key out, could not so cut lines. Wood and I pushed one over, was intending saving other for wounded men on the bridge and well deck when I found the captain. He was on the well deck sitting on the bulwark right aft the bridge. Justice had started back up the Galley deck house and come back. I had told the captain we had a life raft but I got back. Wood had thrown it over, it looked as if he had been jarred off. There was no one around so Justice and I went off too. I called to the captain, He answered. We went over to him and asked how he was. He said not bad, just his legs. It looked like it was over so we got an order from the captain to swim slowly toward the ship. Just as we started, they began to fire again. So he said lets get out of here. Someone said help can’t swim. The captain worried about his men. The captain said go give him a hand. I started back and he started calling Justice. He got no answer so I turned and started back calling him. Didn’t get an answer and could not find him. A piece could have hit him. Among the people I saw dead was Hogan, Drazba, Smith, R.C. (Executive Officer) in the legs and stomach, two men in the wheel house, someone on deck.

Frank A. Duzy, MM2c

At approximately 0100 Sept. 5, 1942 the General Quarters alarm sounded. Before it sounded the ship was making 2/3 speed. Nugent, MM1c, relieved me and I went topside and aft to the steering engine room, which was my GQ station. I put the JV phones on and reported ready to the engine room; the fire room also reported manned and ready. I noticed then that we were making a fast speed. A short time later I heard gunfire. I stuck my head out of the hatch and saw the U.S.S. Little burning, then a ship with her searchlight on us was approaching us from the starboard quarter. I heard us get hit from him up forward, less than a minute later #6 depth charge gun went off. We were on fire forward and I saw two sailors in the water by the port side near the propeller guard. I heard a seaman shout for someone to throw out a life preserver. I then noticed that the ship stopped and no searchlights were trained at us. I took off the phones, secured the steering engine and shifted to hand steering. Then I went up on topside to see what was going on. There wasn’t anyone on the after deck house so I went forward. There was a boat alongside so I got in. The boat was already loaded so we left the ship. After we left the ship two searchlights were trained on the ship and then they were firing again. There was at least three enemy ships.

Thomas C. Ingle, CMM (AA)

I was awakened by the General Quarters. We reported ready for GQ at about 0058 and started making all possible speed. It seemed like at once the ship was being shelled. We lost contact with the bridge and steam pressure dropped to zero. The engine room started filling with smoke and as there was nothing we could do we abandoned the engine room. On topside we cut loose the life rafts and stood around the starboard side of the after deck. A fire was blazing in the port galley passageway. Block was there and asking me if there was pressure on the fire main. This was impossible of course. I observed the Assistant Engineer (Mr. Gallin) quietly giving orders to lower all boats. Thirty one men including myself left the ship in #3 boat. Strange, Slc, was very helpful and cool, in that he attended the wounded and saved lives in the boat.

Walter T. Adamski, BM1c

I was gun captain on the #1 battery gun. I had the 00-04 watch so my gun was already manned when GQ went. Orders came from Control to train to starboard and pick up target. Then came commence firing. We fired two rounds to starboard and then I went and secured #1 MG, which was swinging loose. When I got back to the gun we were bearing on our own bridge so we could not fire. We were hit on the forecastle in the paint locker which went up in flames. We seen the men from control abandon ship just after we fired our second salvo. My gun crew left the ship when we could not bear anymore to starboard. The gun crew was very cool and calm.

Probe the Bush Administration?

President Barack Obama, rightly, is reluctant to threaten the success of his agenda by supporting efforts to investigate the numerous allegations of illegal action by former President George W. Bush.

Republicans, of course, oppose the idea. Some Democrats, like the president, would rather take a positive outlook and avoid long, partisan-plagued battles in the halls of Congress or in the courts. Some would take a long step away from the confrontational tactics of President Bush and, earlier, of Republican Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich toward a more nonpartisan era.

As leader of the Free World, President Obama is saddled with the responsibility of keeping the United States militarily strong and economically viable. It is not his role to take on the politically suicidal job of bringing former Bush Administration officials to justice for illegal activities.

Congress has both the power and authority to do just that -- and it should.

Those who want to see Congress investigate the Bush Administration are putting much of their hopes on Senate and House Judiciary committee Patrick Leahy, D-Vt., and John Conyers, D-Mich.

Leahy and Conyers want the truth. It's their role, as Congressional leaders, to conduct investigations when things go wrong and to create legislation that will prevent such missteps in the future.

A few of the most pressing allegations that Congress would undoubtedly probe:
* Illegally invading the sovereign country of Iraq
* Obstructing justice in outing CIA agent Valerie Plame Wilson
* Illegal detention of American and foreign captives
* Secretly authorizing torture and rendition
* Announcing his intention to violate the law with Signing Statements
* Misleading Americans in attempting to destroy Medicare
* Spying on Americans with court orders
* Directing telecommunications companies to create illegal database of private telephone numbers and emails.
* White House involvement in politically motivated hirings and firings in Bush's Justice Department.

Republicans already have made it clear they have no interest in bipartisanship. They have taken their role as the "loyal opposition" very seriously by attacking President Obama relentlessly on virtually every move he has taken during his first days and weeks in office.

The president's stimulus proposals have come under incessent attack, as has his appointments of Attorney General Eric Holder and Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner and former Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle's decision to abandon his nomination as Health and Human Services secretary.

"Investigations are not a matter of payback or political revenge. It is our responsibility to examine what has occurred and to set an appropriate baseline of conduct for future administrations," Conyers said.

Remembering Shamus O'Brien

-------------------------Remembering Shamus O'Brien
The crowds were enormous. Friends and admirers and entire families arrived at Flynn Memorial Home in Yonkers, N.Y., afternoons and evenings for three days to pay tribute to Michael Joseph Hogan, better known as Shamus O'Brien (image left) the alias he used in the boxing ring throughout his long and illustrious career. He was a rugged, battle-scarred lightweight boxer lovingly hailed as the “Yonkers Favourite.”

He came from the Gold Coast of Ireland as a young lad to seek his fortune in America. He was my grandfather, but I knew him only casually from a few chance meetings long after his fighting days were over.

At his wake, I was a young man of 24 when I stood amazed to see the outpouring of love for this man, long after his days of glory. I watched, and greeted young and old as they paid their respects to my grandfather day after day at the memorial home.

Later, as I watched the mile-long funeral procession motor through Getty Square, I began to understand just how much impact this young Favorite Son had had on the people of Yonkers. In those early years after the turn of the 20th Century, prize fighting was to millions what radio was in the 1930s and 1940s, and what television became later to people everywhere.

I remember Shamus' eldest son, John Hogan, who followed the young fighter's exploit closely, telling me that it was Shamus’ wish to have the cortege meander through Getty Square before heading out to St. Joseph's Cemetery. It was a wish that opened my eyes to the depth of his love for the "City of Gracious Living" on the Hudson and its denizens.

It was through my uncle John that I learned my grandfather had died of pneumonia on April 13, 1959 at the age of 68. Shamus, who was born on Aug. 6, 1890, had entered St. John’s Riverside Hospital with heart disease and arteriosclerosis.

At that time, I was a first term student at New York University in Washington Square. It was only two months before my marriage to Ruth Dugdale of Darien, Connecticut. Uncle John took me along with him to the Yonkers Herald Statesman in Larkin Plaza where he told Shamus’ story to an obituary writer.

Based on available records, Michael "Shamus" Hogan was the son of Michael Hogan and Ellen (Meade) Hogan, one of five children. The family lived in a thatched cottage near the Atlantic Ocean in Dungarvan on the "Gold Coast" of Ireland. The area was once known as Wise's Point, or just "The Point."

As a boy in Dungarvan, Shamus was well-known in Gaelic football, emigrating from Ireland in 1906 when an uncle reportedly paid his passage on the RMS Umbria destined for New York

According to an article by Eddie Cantwell written for the Dungarvan Museum Society, Shamus became a household name, not only in Yonkers but also in Pennsylvania and many other venues around the United States. Many of his 400 bouts, an unusually large number in any fighter’s career, took place in and around the Harlem, N.Y.

Rugged in appearance, and good looking, Shamus "would hang around the street corners with his friends after work." He was "scrapping all the time" and he embraced the lifestyle of the time. After only a few years in the new world, undoubtedly catching many of the boxing matched that were held in those days around New York, he took part in a volunteer boxing exhibition staged for the prisoners at Sing Sing Prison in Ossining, N.Y.

Shamus' career has an uncanny resemblance to the great champions of the world of boxing portrayed in a number of Hollywood biographical films. In many parts of the United States, he became a household name in boxing circles, but the great championships eluded him. He battled often against the best fighters in hundreds of matches in various weight classes.

While his career spanned nearly two decades, the Irish stalwart's record, given in one estimate as 24-44-12, failed to reflect his toughness and tenacity -- or even his potential. It's generally felt that his achievements could have been far greater had his career been managed better.

“Hogan’s life story could well be scripted for a film,” Cantwell said. "Indeed, his career bears quite a remarkable resemblance to some of the more popular boxing films of recent years.”

My fondest memories of my famous grandfather came on those occasions when, as a young boy “hanging around” Getty Square (image left, early 20th Century), Shamus and I would meet by chance. Getty Square, where Shamus was a familiar figure in the 1940s, was a bustling shopping area marked by three five-and-ten cent stores at a busy five-way intersection. Whenever he saw me, Shamus, with obvious delight, would take me into Nedick’s to buy me an orange-aid and a hot dog.

Shamus' appearance marked him as a prize fighter, his face revealing the scars of his trade, along with battered, cauliflower ears. He looked to be down on his luck, but even then I could see his eyes light up when he saw me. He'd shuffle in his pockets for coins that seemed to me to be his last dime. For me, these were memorable moments. I had had heard on the grapevine that he was staying at the time in a bunk at the Salvation Army – one of the many reasons that I have such a high regard for that truly charitable organization.

Michael "Shamus O'Brien" Hogan was married to Adelaide Searles (my grandmother) with whom he had eight children, John, Michael "Mitch", Edward,, William, Elena "Helen" Torpey (my mother), Mary "Mae" Dropauer, and two infant twins, Gilbert and Adelaide, who died in the tragic influenza outbreak of the early 1900s.



Shamus began his boxing career in the bare-knuckle days when boxing matches were fought “to the finish.” The great John L. Sullivan (image left) was perhaps the best known fighter of the bear-knuckle era. Prize fighters in those days frequently fought to “no decision,” and Shamus was no exception. Shamus often went up against the best fighters of his era – and he competed in a number of weight categories, although he was fundamentally a lightweight . His overall record, according to the best information available, was something like 24-44-12, but this didn't come close to reflecting his toughness or the many bouts he fought for which no record exists.

"Money was lost and fortunes made on the backs of combatants who fought until only one was left standing," said Mr. Cantwell of the Dungarvan Museum. "Many of Hogan's fights were fought at the Raven Athletics Club in New York City, where he had done his training."

My uncle John told me that Shamus could take a lot of punishment, but but getting him to go down was quite another thing. Shamus went up against the legendary middleweight champion Benny Leonard (image right) three times or more, at least once to a "no decision" on Feb. 11, 1916 in Syracuse, N.Y. He was KO'd by Leonard, however, only five weeks later on St. Patrick's Day in New York City. Bouts in those days were often extralegal, resulting in often incomplete record keeping and a major reason that fighters used an alias.

In his obituary, Shamus was reported to be a “trial horse” for up and coming young fighters. He developed into an opponent for champions, a tough contest for any of them. In addition to Benny Leonard, Shamus, at 135 pounds, fought any and all comers, including welterweight Mickey Walker (early In his career), middleweight Rocky Kansas, welterweight champ Pete Latzo, featherweight champ Johnny Dundee, Pinky Marshall, Jack Britton, George K. O’Chaney and negro champ Leo Johnson – all to the finish in “no decision” fights. Shamus was widely considered “a good fighter, win or lose .”

The 1911 boxing poster became available to me a few years ago after my daughter, Catherine, noticed it on the wall of Archie Moore's Restaurant (image left) at 188-1/2 Willow St., New Haven, Conn. The restaurant, which has been in business for more than a century, has no connection, surprisingly, with its namesake, the famous light middleweight.

Of course, I rushed to the restaurant for dinner, anxiously inquiring of the owner, Bob Fuchs, how the poster featuring my grandfather happened to be displayed in the dining room. As it turned out, the owner's grandfather, "Irish Paddy," was one of the fighters listed in the preliminary fights. (Note: In the poster (image below, right), Shamus is pictured on the left side of the poster, not on the right side, where his opponent, Yorkville lightweight champion Eddie Smith is shown.)

Much of Shamus’ training, according to my Uncle John, took place in upstate New York in the town of Newburgh, where Shamus had been a bartender in his later years. Earlier he was an iron worker and had been employed in construction.

After fighting in various locations around the country, he hung up his gloves in 1922, but not before returning to Ireland to win the lightweight title in his native country.

One copyrighted report in the New York Times of Jan. 3, 1912 reports on a tough contest between Shamus and Young Sam Langford of Mount Vernon, N.Y. The match was termed "one of the best bouts ever held" at the local sporting club. Shamus floored his opponent midway through the 10-rounder, but Sam, who was literally "saved by the bell" in the fifth round, came back strong. The fight ended in a draw.

Throughout the 1940s, I had lived with my grandmother, Adelaide Hogan, Shamus' estranged wife. I was sent me to live with "Nana" across town in south Yonkers after my parents, Joseph C. and Elena "Helen" Torpey, apparently found me too much to handle after I was left back in second grade for excessive truancy. By then, Shamus was no longer in the picture. It's a story I don't know, although I was told of one large purse won by Shamus that resulted in turmoil at home when my grandmother learned that Shamus, apparently in the excitement of the moment at ringside, had donated the entire amount to charity.

It was while I was living with "Nana" on Warburton Avenue in Yonkers that my uncle John came to the house one day to deliver the bad news: Nana's son, Bill Hogan, who had signed up for Navy after Pearl Harbor, was presumed lost when his ship, the U.S.S. Gregory, was reported to have been sunk near Guadalcanal on Sept. 5, 1943. Uncle John had brought with him a copy of the New York Daily News featuring a picture of the ship. It was somewhere near this time that Shamus knocked on our door persistently, but his an apparent attempt at reconciliation had been unceremoniously rebuffed.

Shamus was a communicant of St. Peter’s Church at the corner of Riverdale Avenue and Ludlow Street, across from Flynn Memorial. It happens that I was born on Ludlow Street in 1935 and graduated from St. Peter's School in 1950. Shamus was an honorary member of the National Sports Alliance, the Raven Athletic Club and the Billy Gray Association.

His father, Michael Hogan, died when Shamus was just 6 years old after his life boat crew attempted to rescue people who were drowning after their ship broke its anchor in a storm off the coast of Ireland in 1896. Only five of the 23-man crew, along two passengers, the captain's wife and daughter, survived. The story of the sinking of the ill-fated Moresby in Dungarvan Bay is recorded in the Website of the Waterford County Museum Michael was thrown overboard in the storm, was severely injured and dragged to shore. He succumbed to his injuries 17 days later.

After arriving in the United States from Ireland, the Hogans eventually settled on Moquette Row in Yonkers, where the giant Alexander Smith carpet factory, located on Nepperhan Avenue, housed some of its large number of employees. My father, Joseph Torpey, had been a weaver there in the 1930s and early 1940s. After World War II, when General Motors began building airplanes in Tarrytown, N.Y., my mother, Helen Torpey, worked as a riveter. She often proclaimed herself to be "Rosie the Riveter."

According to family members, Shamus was known by many as “friendly” and “outgoing.” It's clear he was "well liked." He nevertheless disappointed his family in Ireland, especially his mother, by his failure to visit or even contact them.

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